Artigo 682.º.Recurso independente e recurso subordinado
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 41-45 |
Page 41
Quando a decisão é desfavorável a mais de um litigante, a questão pode surgir sob dois aspectos, os que Carnelutti 52 designa por decaimento paralelo e decaimento recíproco.
Foram vencidos. vários réus. vários autores?
Estamos face ao decaimento paralelo. Venceram e foram vencidos, em parte, o autor e o réu? Estamos face ao decaimento recíproco ou inverso. Pois bem: num dos casos, como no outro, pode acontecer que um dos vencidos reaja contra a decisão, mediante recurso e que o outro ou os outros fiquem inactivos.
Então, indagar-se-á: qual o efeito do recurso respeitantemente aos vencidos que não recorreram?
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Ora, relativamente ao problema gerado pelo decaimento recíproco, a resposta encontra-se plasmada neste art. 682.º.
E quanto à hipótese de decaimento paralelo? A resposta deverá ir buscar-se ao art. 683.º. Aquele mesmo processualista italiano 53 acentua que pode adoptar-se uma de duas soluções opostas:
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- estender a eficácia do recurso à parte vencida que não reagiu;
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- limitar o benefício do recurso ao próprio recorrente.
A alínea a) consubstancia o princípio da realidade. A alínea b) consubstancia o princípio da personalidade. Alberto dos Reis 54 no seguimento da exposta dualidade refere que no campo da doutrina pura, pode sustentar-se que o princípio mais aceitável é o da realidade.
E porquê?.Por abrir um novo ciclo processual, já que o mérito da causa é submetido a segundo exame, sendo que o interesse superior do triunfo da justiça parece aconselhar que esse exame seja o mais amplo possível e, portanto, que o tribunal superior haja de apreciar a sentença recorrida em toda a sua extensão.
Todavia, quando se encare o problema à luz da razão prática - diz o mesmo Mestre - logo se impõe a preferência pelo princípio da personalidade.
E porquê?.Porque tem a vantagem de limitar o litígio, ficando sub judice unicamente a parte da decisão de que se recorre ou o interesse do recorrente nessa decisão e ademais tratar-se-á de uma solução mais lógica, sob o ponto de vista jurídico, do que a solução oposta.
Com efeito, se alguma ou algumas das partes vencidas não recorrem, tal significa que aceitam a decisão no que lhes diz respeito.
Além disso, se o recurso só pode ser interposto pela parte vencida, mal se justifica, em caso de decaimento 55 recíproco, que a impugnação deduzida pelo recorrente abranja a parte da sentença em que ele foi vencedor.
E na nossa legislação?.Parece ter acolhido o princípio da personalidade...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O novo regime de recursos no C.P.C
- Secção I Disposições gerais
- Artigo 676.º.Espécies de recursos
- Artigo 677.º.Noção de trânsito em julgado
- Artigo 678.º.Decisões que admitem recurso
- Artigo 679.º.Despachos que não admitem recurso
- Artigo 680.º.Quem pode recorrer
- Artigo 681.º.Perda do direito de recorrer e renúncia ao recurso
- Artigo 682.º.Recurso independente e recurso subordinado
- Artigo 683.º.Extensão do recurso aos compartes não recorrentes
- Artigo 684.º.Delimitação subjectiva e objectiva do recurso
- Artigo 684.º-A.Ampliação do âmbito do recurso a requerimento do recorrido
- Artigo 684.º-B Modo de interposição do recurso
- Artigo 685.ºPrazos
- Artigo 685.º-A Ónus de alegar e formular conclusões
- Artigo 685.º-B Ónus a cargo do recorrente que impugne a decisão relativa à matéria de facto
- Artigo 685.º-C Despacho sobre o requerimento
- Artigo 685.º-D. Omissão do pagamento das taxas de justiça
- Artigo 688.º Reclamação contra o indeferimento
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