Divórcio
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 102-103 |
Page 102
s.m. (lat. divortiu).
s.c.: acto ou efeito de divorciar; dissolução legal do casamento; desacordo.
Prevê a nossa lei duas espécies de divórcio: litigioso e por mútuo consentimento.
No primeiro, apresentada a petição, se a acção estiver em condições de prosseguir, o juiz designará dia para uma tentativa de conciliação.
Frustrada a conciliação, faltando alguma ou ambas as partes ou não sendo possível a sua conciliação, o juiz ordenará a notificação do réu para contestar no prazo de 30 dias.
Havendo contestação, seguir-se-ão os termos do processo ordinário.
Na tentativa de conciliação ou em qualquer altura do processo, as partes poderão acordar no divórcio por mútuo consentimento.
O requerimento para o divórcio por mútuo consentimento será assinado por ambos os cônjuges ou pelos seus procuradores.
Como preliminar ou incidente da acção de divórcio, qualquer dos cônjuges pode requerer o arrolamento de bens comuns ou de bens próprios que estejam sob a administração do outro.
Decretado o divórcio qualquer dos cônjuges pode requerer inventário para partilha dos bens, salvo se o regime de bens do casamento for o de separação.
As funções de cabeça-de-casal incumbem ao cônjuge mais velho.
O inventário corre por apenso ao processo de divórcio.
Remissões:
arts. 1404.º a 1408.º e 1419.º a 1424.º, C.P.C..
Jurisprudência:
Ac. Rel. Guimarães, de 16/10/02, in Col. Jur., 2002, 4.º-281.
Ac. Rel. Lisboa, de 15/11/01, in Col. Jur., 2001, 5.º-90.
Ac. Rel. Porto, de 20/3/01, in Col. Jur., 2001, 5.º-181.
História:
É sabido que a legislação concordatária e, posteriormente, o Código Civil de 1966 facultaram aos católicos a opção pelo casamento religioso, que a lei reconheceu como tal, ou seja, como instituto diferente do casamento civil e sujeito às regras materiais do direito matrimonial canónico. A unidade do nosso direito matrimonial ficou assim quebrada: em Portugal, e desde 1940, o regime do matrimónio é um ou outro conforme se trata de casamento civil ou católico. Em matéria de dissolução, porém, o casamento católico é regido exclusivamente pelo direito canónico, donde resulta que os tribunais civis não podem aplicar o divórcio aos casamnetos católicos celebrados...
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