Pacto de jurisdição
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 207-208 |
Page 207
s.m. (lat. pactu).
s.c.: contrato entre duas ou mais pessoas; convenção; ajuste.
s.f. (jurisdictione).
s.c.: faculdade ou poder legal de aplicar as leis; influência; competência.
As partes podem convencionar qual a jurisdição competente para dirimir um litígio determinado ou os litígios, eventualmente, decorrentes de certa relação jurídica, contanto que a relação controvertida tenha conexão com mais de uma ordem jurídica.
A designação convencional pode envolver a atribuição de competência exclusiva ou meramente alternativa com a dos tribunais portugueses, quando esta exista, presumindo-se que seja alternativa em caso de dúvida.
A eleição do foro só é válida quando se verifiquem, cumulativamente, os seguintes requisitos:
* dizer respeito a um litígio sobre direitos disponíveis;
* ser aceite pela lei do tribunal designado;
* ser justificada por um interesse sério de ambas as partes ou de uma delas, desde que não envolva inconveniente grave para a outra;
* não recair sobre matéria da exclusiva competência dos tribunais portugueses;
* resultar de acordo escrito ou confirmado por escrito, devendo nele fazer-se menção expressa da jurisdição competente.
Para este efeito, considera-se reduzido a escrito o acordo constante de documento assinado pelas partes ou o emergente de troca de cartas, telex, telegramas, fax ou outros meios de comunicação de que fique prova escrita, quer tais instrumentos contenham,Page 208 directamente, o acordo, quer deles conste cláusula de remissão para algum documento em que ele esteja contido.
Remissão:
art. 99.º C.P.C..
Jurisprudência:
Ac. S.T.J., de 12/3/02, in...
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